Practical guides for developers. Ideas for building and running software.
Your software authenticates someone when it decides whether they are who they claim to be. You implement authentication when you build a login form, issue a session cookie, or hand…
Each AI API call runs a model, which costs the provider money and uses scarce GPU capacity. That is why…
A Terraform codebase that worked fine for one environment eventually starts fighting you: Terraform takes minutes to produce a plan…
When you run infrastructure on AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, you write Terraform configuration that talks to each cloud's API…
A slice in Go is a window onto an array: the slice value you hold in a variable is a…
Go 1.21 added the generic slices and maps packages to the standard library. Before that, the same utility functions lived…
When you write m := make(map[string]int) in Go, the runtime creates a hash table, not a simple list of pairs.…
Go added generics in version 1.18. The mechanism is the type parameter: a placeholder type that a function declares in…
structuredClone is a built-in JavaScript function that makes a deep copy of a value. A deep copy duplicates the value…
You run microservices that call each other over a network, and those calls fail. A connection drops, a downstream service…
Webhook providers such as Stripe and GitHub deliver events on an at-least-once basis: they retry a delivery until your endpoint…
When you have an object literal and a type you want it to match, TypeScript gives you three ways to…
Most startups begin with one application that contains every feature and deploys as a single unit. That application is a…
If you are building an AI agent that reads from or writes to your systems, the most important decision is…
When you manage infrastructure with Terraform across development, staging, and production, you need to decide where each piece of configuration…
